Near Ambient Superconductivity by 15N as Needles in the Haystack: Lower Temperatures and Pressures for Possible ¹⁵N Enrichment in LuH₂
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.main##
The author has previously noted the effects of stable isotopes having different nuclear magnetic moments on chemistry, catalysis, biochemistry, thermodynamics, optics, superconductivity and more [1]. In this controversy surrounding reported room temperature superconductivity at near ambient pressures by nitrogen doped lutetium hydride, the author hopes to convince and reason that the different synthesis conditions of the original work of Dias and coworkers [2] at low temperature, mild pressures, diamond anvil cell compression and prolong annealing may lead to selective doping of the lutetium hydride by 15N. The later attempted replication of Dias and coworkers by Hai-hu Wen and coworkers [3] may have caused different outcomes as Hai-hu Wen and coworkers appeared to try Dias work and then switched to a different synthetic method whereby Wen and coworkers instead applied high pressures and high temperatures to the reacting hydrogen, nitrogen and lutetium to produce a nitrogen doped lutetium hydride with similar lattice structure as the originally reported by Dias and coworkers [2] but lacking observed superconductivity and evidence of superconductivity by diamagnetism. The author here by his theory notes the possibility that the different later high pressure, high temperature synthesis by Wen and coworkers doped their sample with 14N rather than 15N as originally enriched in Dias’s sample. Thereby the author notes by his theory [1] that whereas 15N doped lutetium hydride manifests higher superconductivity due to its negative nuclear magnetic moment (NMM), the 14N doped lutetium hydride should not manifest superconductivity at the higher temperatures due to its positive NMM.
-
Onnes HK. Further experiments with liquid helium. H. On the electrical resistance of pure metals etc. VII. The potential difference necessary for the electric current through mercury below 4°19 K. KNAW Proceedings, 1913; 15: 1406–1430.
|
Google Scholar
-
Bardeen J, Cooper LN, Schrieffer JR. Microscopic theory of superconductivity. Phys. Rev., 1957; 106(1): 162–164.
|
Google Scholar
-
Ashcroft NW. Metallic hydrogen: A high temperature superconductor? Phys. Rev. Lett., 1968; 21: 1748-1749.
|
Google Scholar
-
Ashcroft NW. Hydrogen dominant metallic alloys: High temperature superconductors? Phys. Rev. Lett., 2004; 92: Article 187002.
|
Google Scholar
-
Little RB and Goddard R. Magnetization for lower temperature, selective diamond and carbon nanotube formation: A milestone in carbon physicochemical condensation. J. Appl. Phys., 2004; 95: 2702.
|
Google Scholar
-
Bednorz, JG, Muller, KA. Possible superconductivity in the BaLa-Cu-O system. Zeitschrift Fur Physik, (1986) 64(2), 189–193.
|
Google Scholar
-
Anderson, PW. The resonating valence bond state in La2CuO4. Science, 1987; 235: 1196.
|
Google Scholar
-
Monthoux P, Balatsky AV, Pines D. Toward a theory of high temperature superconductivity in antiferromagnetically correlated cuprate oxides. Phys. Rev. Lett, 1991; 67: 3448–3451.
|
Google Scholar
-
Little RB. The needle in the haystack for theory of high temperature superconductivity: Negative nuclear magnetic moments. Journal of Superconductivity and Novel Magnetism, 2020; 33(7567): 1-10.
|
Google Scholar
-
Little RB. A theory of the relativistic fermionic spinrevorbital. Int. J. Phys. Sci., 2015; 10(1): 1–37.
|
Google Scholar
-
Nagamatsu J, Nakagawa N, Muranaka T, Zenitani Y, Akimitsu J. Superconductivity at 39 K in magnesium diboride. Nature, 2001; 410: 63.
|
Google Scholar
-
Zhang L, Wang Y, Lv J, Ma Y. Materials discovery at high pressures. Nat. Rev. Mater., 2017; 2(4): 17005.
|
Google Scholar
-
Kamihara Y, Hiramatsu H, Hirano M, Kawamura R, Yanagi H, Kamiya T, Hosono H. Iron-based layered superconductor: LaOFeP. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2006; 128(31): 10012-10013, 10.1021/ja063355c.
|
Google Scholar
-
Drozdov AP, Eremets MI, Troyan IA, Ksenofontov V, Shylin SI. Conventional superconductivity at 203 kelvin at high pressures in the sulfur hydride system. Nature, 2015; 525.
|
Google Scholar
-
Drozdov AP, Kong PP, Minkov VS, Besedin SP, Kuzovnikov A, Mozaffari S, Balicas L, et al. Superconductivity at 250 K in lanthanum hydride under high pressures. Nature, 2019; 569(7757): 528-531.
|
Google Scholar
-
Somayazulu M, Ahart M, Mishra AK, Geballe ZM, Baldini M, Meng Y, Struzhkin VV, Hemley RJ. Evidence for superconductivity above 260 K in lanthanum superhydride at megabar pressures. Phys. Rev. Lett., 2019; 122, Article 027001.
|
Google Scholar
-
Pasan H, Snider E, Munasinghe S, Hemley RJ, Salamat A, Dias RP. Observation of conventional near room temperature superconductivity in carbonaceous sulfur hydride. 2023. arXiv:2302.08622 [cond-mat.supr-con].
|
Google Scholar
-
Kong PP, Minkov VS, Kuzovnikov MA, Besedin SP, Drozdov AP, Mozaffari S, Balicas L, et al. Superconductivity up to 243 K in yttrium hydrides under high pressure. 2019; arXiv:1909.10482.
|
Google Scholar
-
Troyan IA, Semenok DV, Kvashnin AG, Ivanova AG, Prakapenka VB, Greenberg E, Gavriliuk AG, et al. Synthesis and superconductivity of yttrium hexahydride Im3̄m-YH6. 2019; arXiv:1908.01534.
|
Google Scholar
-
Dasenbrock-Gammon N, Snider E, McBride R, Pasan H, Durkee D, Khalvashi-Sutter N, Munasinghe S, et al. Evidence of near-ambient superconductivity in a N-doped lutetium hydride. Nature, 2023; 615(7951): 244–250. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-023-05742-0.
|
Google Scholar
-
Ming X, Zhang Y, Zhu X, Li Q, He C, Liu Y, Zheng B, Yang H, Wen H. Absence of near-ambient superconductivity in LuH$_{2pmtext{x}}$N$_y$. arXiv Cornell University. 2023. https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2303.08759.
|
Google Scholar
Little, R. B. (2023). Near Ambient Superconductivity by 15N as Needles in the Haystack: Lower Temperatures and Pressures for Possible ¹⁵N Enrichment in LuH₂. European Journal of Applied Physics, 5(3), 1–4. https://doi.org/10.24018/ejphysics.2023.5.3.255
Search Panel
Most read articles by the same author(s)
-
Reginald B. Little,
Evidence of Stable Isotope 13C Causing All Cancers , European Journal of Applied Physics: Vol. 4 No. 4 (2022) -
Reginald B. Little,
Nano-Domains of Nuclear Magnetic Moments for Gravitational Stimulation of Biological Processes , European Journal of Applied Physics: Vol. 4 No. 2 (2022)